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HP Aruba Certified Network Security Associate Exam Sample Questions (Q17-Q22):

NEW QUESTION # 17
A company has an AOS controller-based solution with a WPA3-Enterprise WLAN, which authenticates wireless clients to HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM). The company has decided to use digital certificates for authentication. A user's Windows domain computer has had certificates installed on it. However, the Networks and Connections window shows that authentication has failed for the user. The Mobility Controller's (MC's) RADIUS events show that it is receiving Access-Rejects for the authentication attempt.
What is one place that you can look for deeper insight into why this authentication attempt is failing?

A. The RADIUS events within the CPPM Event Viewer
B. The packets captured on the MC control plane destined to UDP 1812
C. The Alerts tab in the authentication record in CPPM Access Tracker
D. The reports generated by HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Insight

Answer: C

Explanation:
The scenario involves an AOS-8 controller-based solution with a WPA3-Enterprise WLAN using HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM) for authentication. The company is using digital certificates for authentication (likely EAP-TLS, as it's the most common certificate-based method for WPA3-Enterprise). A user's Windows domain computer has certificates installed, but authentication fails. The Mobility Controller (MC) logs show Access-Rejects from CPPM, indicating that CPPM rejected the authentication attempt.
Access-Reject: An Access-Reject message from CPPM means that the authentication failed due to a policy violation, certificate issue, or other configuration mismatch. To troubleshoot, we need to find detailed information about why CPPM rejected the request.
Option C, "The Alerts tab in the authentication record in CPPM Access Tracker," is correct. Access Tracker in CPPM logs all authentication attempts, including successful and failed ones. For a failed attempt (Access-Reject), the authentication record in Access Tracker will include an Alerts tab that provides detailed reasons for the failure. For example, if the client's certificate is invalid (e.g., expired, not trusted, or missing a required attribute), or if the user does not match a policy in CPPM, the Alerts tab will specify the exact issue (e.g., "Certificate not trusted," "User not found in directory").
Option A, "The reports generated by HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Insight," is incorrect. ClearPass Insight is used for generating reports and analytics (e.g., trends, usage patterns), not for real-time troubleshooting of specific authentication failures.
Option B, "The RADIUS events within the CPPM Event Viewer," is incorrect. The Event Viewer logs system-level events (e.g., service crashes, NAD mismatches), not detailed authentication failure reasons. While it might log that an Access-Reject was sent, it won't provide the specific reason for the rejection.
Option D, "The packets captured on the MC control plane destined to UDP 1812," is incorrect. Capturing packets on the MC control plane for UDP 1812 (RADIUS authentication port) can show the RADIUS exchange, but it won't provide the detailed reason for the Access-Reject. The MC logs already show the Access-Reject, so the issue lies on the CPPM side, and Access Tracker provides more insight.
The HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide states:
"Access Tracker (Monitoring > Live Monitoring > Access Tracker) logs all authentication attempts, including failed ones. For an Access-Reject, the authentication record in Access Tracker includes an Alerts tab that provides detailed reasons for the failure. For example, in a certificate-based authentication (e.g., EAP-TLS), the Alerts tab might show 'Certificate not trusted' if the client's certificate is not trusted by ClearPass, or 'User not found' if the user does not match a policy. This is the primary place to look for deeper insight into authentication failures." (Page 299, Access Tracker Troubleshooting Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide notes:
"If the Mobility Controller logs show an Access-Reject from the RADIUS server (e.g., ClearPass), check the RADIUS server's authentication logs for details. In ClearPass, the Access Tracker provides detailed failure reasons in the Alerts tab of the authentication record, such as certificate issues or policy mismatches." (Page 500, Troubleshooting 802.1X Authentication Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide, Access Tracker Troubleshooting Section, Page 299.
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, Troubleshooting 802.1X Authentication Section, Page 500.

NEW QUESTION # 18
What is one difference between EAP-Tunneled Layer Security (EAP-TLS) and Protected EAP (PEAP)?

A. EAP-TLS requires the supplicant to authenticate with a certificate, but PEAP allows the supplicant to use a username and password.
B. EAP-TLS creates a TLS tunnel for transmitting user credentials, while PEAP authenticates the server and supplicant during a TLS handshake.
C. EAP-TLS creates a TLS tunnel for transmitting user credentials securely, while PEAP protects user credentials with TKIP encryption.
D. EAP-TLS begins with the establishment of a TLS tunnel, but PEAP does not use a TLS tunnel as part of its process.

Answer: A

Explanation:
EAP-TLS (Extensible Authentication Protocol - Transport Layer Security) and PEAP (Protected EAP) are two EAP methods used for 802.1X authentication in wireless networks, such as those configured with WPA3-Enterprise on HPE Aruba Networking solutions. Both methods are commonly used with ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM) for secure authentication.
EAP-TLS:
Requires both the supplicant (client) and the server (e.g., CPPM) to present a valid certificate during authentication.
Establishes a TLS tunnel to secure the authentication process, but the primary authentication mechanism is the mutual certificate exchange. The client's certificate is used to authenticate the client, and the server's certificate authenticates the server.
PEAP:
Requires only the server to present a certificate to authenticate itself to the client.
Establishes a TLS tunnel to secure the authentication process, within which the client authenticates using a secondary method, typically a username and password (e.g., via MS-CHAPv2 or EAP-GTC).
Option A, "EAP-TLS begins with the establishment of a TLS tunnel, but PEAP does not use a TLS tunnel as part of its process," is incorrect. Both EAP-TLS and PEAP establish a TLS tunnel. In EAP-TLS, the TLS tunnel is used for the mutual certificate exchange, while in PEAP, the TLS tunnel protects the inner authentication (e.g., username/password).
Option B, "EAP-TLS requires the supplicant to authenticate with a certificate, but PEAP allows the supplicant to use a username and password," is correct. This is a key difference: EAP-TLS mandates certificate-based authentication for the client, while PEAP allows the client to authenticate with a username and password inside the TLS tunnel, making PEAP more flexible for environments where client certificates are not deployed.
Option C, "EAP-TLS creates a TLS tunnel for transmitting user credentials, while PEAP authenticates the server and supplicant during a TLS handshake," is incorrect. Both methods use a TLS tunnel, and both authenticate the server during the TLS handshake (using the server's certificate). In EAP-TLS, the client's certificate is also part of the TLS handshake, while in PEAP, the client's credentials (username/password) are sent inside the tunnel after the handshake.
Option D, "EAP-TLS creates a TLS tunnel for transmitting user credentials securely, while PEAP protects user credentials with TKIP encryption," is incorrect. PEAP does not use TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) for protecting credentials; TKIP is a legacy encryption method used in WPA/WPA2 for wireless data encryption, not for EAP authentication. PEAP uses the TLS tunnel to protect the inner authentication credentials.
The HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide states:
"EAP-TLS requires both the supplicant and the server to present a valid certificate for mutual authentication. The supplicant authenticates using its certificate, and the process is secured within a TLS tunnel. In contrast, PEAP requires only the server to present a certificate to establish a TLS tunnel, within which the supplicant can authenticate using a username and password (e.g., via MS-CHAPv2 or EAP-GTC). This makes PEAP more suitable for environments where client certificates are not deployed." (Page 292, EAP Methods Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking Wireless Security Guide notes:
"A key difference between EAP-TLS and PEAP is the client authentication method. EAP-TLS mandates that the client authenticate with a certificate, requiring certificate deployment on all clients. PEAP allows the client to authenticate with a username and password inside a TLS tunnel, making it easier to deploy in environments without client certificates." (Page 40, 802.1X Authentication Methods Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide, EAP Methods Section, Page 292.
HPE Aruba Networking Wireless Security Guide, 802.1X Authentication Methods Section, Page 40.

NEW QUESTION # 19
What is a benefit of deploying Aruba ClearPass Device insight?

A. Simpler troubleshooting of ClearPass solutions across an environment with multiple ClearPass Policy Managers
B. visibility into devices' 802.1X supplicant settings and automated certificate deployment
C. Highly accurate endpoint classification for environments with many devices types, including Internet of Things (loT)
D. Agent-based analysts of devices' security settings and health status, with the ability to implement quarantining

Answer: C

Explanation:
Aruba ClearPass Device Insight offers a significant benefit by providing highly accurate endpoint classification. This feature is particularly useful in complex environments with a wide variety of device types, including IoT devices. Accurate device classification allows network administrators to better understand the nature and behavior of devices on their network, which is crucial for implementing appropriate security policies and ensuring network performance and security.

NEW QUESTION # 20
You have enabled 802.1X authentication on an AOS-CX switch, including on port 1/1/1. That port has these port-access roles configured on it:
Fallback role = roleA
Auth role = roleB
Critical role = roleC
No other port-access roles are configured on the port. A client connects to that port. The user succeeds authentication, and CPPM does not send an Aruba-User-Role VSA.
What role does the client receive?

A. The client is denied access.
B. The client receives roleC.
C. The client receives roleA.
D. The client receives roleB.

Answer: D

Explanation:
In an AOS-CX switch environment, 802.1X authentication is used to authenticate clients connecting to ports, and roles are assigned based on the authentication outcome and configuration. The roles mentioned in the question-fallback, auth, and critical-have specific purposes in the AOS-CX port-access configuration:
Auth role (roleB): This role is applied when a client successfully authenticates via 802.1X and no specific role is assigned by the RADIUS server (e.g., via an Aruba-User-Role VSA). It is the default role for successful authentication.
Fallback role (roleA): This role is applied when no authentication method is attempted (e.g., the client does not support 802.1X or MAC authentication and no other method is configured).
Critical role (roleC): This role is applied when the switch cannot contact the RADIUS server (e.g., during a server timeout or failure), allowing the client to have limited access in a "critical" state.
In this scenario, the client successfully authenticates via 802.1X, and CPPM does not send an Aruba-User-Role VSA. Since authentication is successful, the switch applies the auth role (roleB) as the default role for successful authentication when no specific role is provided by the RADIUS server.
Option A, "The client receives roleC," is incorrect because the critical role is only applied when the RADIUS server is unreachable, which is not the case here since authentication succeeded.
Option B, "The client is denied access," is incorrect because the client successfully authenticated, so access is granted with the appropriate role.
Option D, "The client receives roleA," is incorrect because the fallback role is applied only when no authentication is attempted, not when authentication succeeds.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX 10.12 Security Guide states:
"When a client successfully authenticates using 802.1X, the switch assigns the client to the auth role configured for the port, unless the RADIUS server specifies a different role via the Aruba-User-Role VSA. If no Aruba-User-Role VSA is present in the Access-Accept message, the auth role is applied." (Page 132, 802.1X Authentication Section) Additionally, the guide clarifies the roles:
"Auth role: Applied after successful 802.1X or MAC authentication if no role is specified by the RADIUS server."
"Fallback role: Applied when no authentication method is attempted."
"Critical role: Applied when the RADIUS server is unavailable." (Page 134, Port-Access Roles Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX 10.12 Security Guide, 802.1X Authentication Section, Page 132.
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX 10.12 Security Guide, Port-Access Roles Section, Page 134.

NEW QUESTION # 21
What is one way that WPA3-Enterprise enhances security when compared to WPA2-Enterprise?

A. WPA3-Enterprise provides built-in mechanisms that can deploy user certificates to authorized end-user devices.
B. WPA3-Enterprise uses Diffie-Hellman in order to authenticate clients, while WPA2-Enterprise uses
802.1X authentication.
C. WPA3-Enterprise implements the more secure simultaneous authentication of equals (SAE), while WPA2-Enterprise uses 802.1X.
D. WPA3-Enterprise can operate in CNSA mode, which mandates that the 802.11 association uses secure algorithms.

Answer: D

Explanation:
WPA3-Enterprise enhances network security over WPA2-Enterprise through several improvements, one of which is the ability to operate in CNSA (Commercial National Security Algorithm) mode. This mode mandates the use of secure cryptographic algorithms during the 802.11 association process, ensuring that all communications are highly secure. The CNSA suite provides stronger encryption standards designed to protect sensitive government, military, and industrial communications. Unlike WPA2, WPA3's CNSA mode uses stronger cryptographic primitives, such as AES-256 in Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) for encryption and SHA-384 for hashing, which are not standard in WPA2-Enterprise.

NEW QUESTION # 22
......

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